Svatba v historii
V době před Kristem probíhal sňatek dvou lidí bez jakýchkoliv náboženských rituálů. V zájmu každého rodu bylo především zajistit výhodné spojení s dalším rodem či kmenem. Po uzavření dohody musel mladý muž rodičům dívky, která mu byla vybrána, vyplatit jakési výkupné za to, že dcera odchází z domu a nebude už moci dále zastávat své povinnosti v domácnosti. V některých méně vyspělých zemích světa, především v Africe nebo Asii, tento zvyk přetrvává i dnes.
Přestože obřad tehdy ještě nenesl znaky žádného ceremoniálu, oslavy bývaly pro rodiny velkou událostí. A právě zde můžeme najít první známky různých svatebních rituálů, které se postupem času vyvíjely, a na jejichž základě se utvářely zvyky, které dodržujeme nyní my. Z této doby pochází třeba tradice družiček nebo loučení se svobodou. Snubní prstýnky si vyměňovali už staří Egypťané. Ty úplně první byly vázané z trávy nebo vyřezané z kostí.
S příchodem křesťanství a dalších náboženství ve světě se svatební obřady stávaly více církevními, ve středověku byl sňatek považován za posvátný a nezrušitelný. Svatby se už více podobaly těm dnešním, po obřadu v kostele následovala zpravidla velkolepá oslava. Mladí lidé však stále neměli možnost sami si zvolit svého partnera. Dohled nad tím, aby byl sňatek přínosný pro celou rodinu, drželi rodiče.
Tento zvyk přetrvával i v průběhu 19. století. Jakmile dívka dosáhla dospělosti, měla být provdána. Rodiče se dlouho dopředu poohlíželi po vhodném ženichovi, dostatečně zabezpečeném, nejlépe ze stejné společenské vrstvy. Když byl vybrán vhodný objekt a došlo k dohodě, ženich před svatbou několikrát navštívil dům rodičů nevěsty, aby se blíže poznali. Po svatebním obřadu a hostině si odvezl nevěstu do svého domu.
Pro dívku bylo v té době velmi důležité se vdát. Když se nepodařilo najít vhodného ženicha a ona zůstala takzvaně „na ocet", znamenalo to ostudu nejen pro ni, ale i pro celou rodinu. Takové děvče bylo pak často nuceno odejít do kláštera.
Právě od 19. století se datuje tradice dlouhých bílých svatebních šatů se závojem. Bílá barva měla symbolizovat čistotu a panenství. Do té doby se nevěsty vdávaly ve svých nejlepších šatech, chudá děvčata pouze v prostých šatech určených na běžné nošení. První bílou svatební róbu oblékla na své svatbě královna Viktorie v roce 1840, od té doby ji dodnes následují nevěsty po celém světě.
Od počátku minulého století, s tím jak se měnila doba a styl života, začalo pomalu přibývat sňatků z lásky. Svou zásluhu na tom měl i první zákon o manželství u nás, který vešel v platnost roku 1890. Ten také mimo jiné poprvé v historii umožňoval rozvody. Ovšem až do poloviny minulého století zůstával v mnoha rodinách hlavním motivem ke svazku majetek a společenské postavení.





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nikoooooolka 20.10.2009 14:54
hmm
mno ja bych potrebovala vedet ja ke to bylo v minulosti(ty svatby)plotoze to potrebuju do skoly






















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